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According to an RJC auditor, suppliers only need to pledge that they conduct solid human rights due diligence, but do not provide any kind of proof for this. Neither does the Code of Practices call for jewelersor other downstream companiesto have traceability or chain of safekeeping of their gold or rubies. The Code of Practices is additionally weak in other substantive areas, as an example, on native individuals' legal rights and on resettlement.


For instance, in March 2017, the RJC had 342 members that had not (yet) finished the audit procedure that licenses conformity with the Code of Practices. In addition, companies can join at any level of their procedures. A tiny subsidiary office of a huge fashion jewelry firm might apply for RJC subscription, without including the rest of the company's entities.


Ultimately, the Code of Practices does not need firms to openly report on the concrete steps they have actually taken to perform due diligencea core requirement of the OECD Advice. Its coverage obligations are obscure and do not discuss due diligence or the demand for firms to report on the steps they have actually required to identify, evaluate, and mitigate threats in their supply chains

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A 2nd RJC standard, the Chain-of-Custody Standard, advertises traceability and is more rigorous, but adherence to it is optional for RJC members. By early 2018, just 48 of over 1,000 participant companies had actually certified entities under the criterion, consisting of 13 jewelry experts. The Chain-of-Custody Standard calls for business to develop docudrama proof of organization transactions along the supply chain and to validate they are not creating unfavorable influences in conflict-affected and high-risk locations.


Instead, companies are allowed to select some "entities" under their control for accreditation, leaving other entities of a business uncertified. While this may permit firms to gradually switch to even more liable sourcing methods, the current technique also brings the risk that a whole business delights in the reputational advantage when the majority of procedures is not in compliance with the standard.


All RJC participant companies need to undergo an audit to show that they are certified with the Code of Practices, and to obtain accreditation. Those business that select to obtain qualification for the Chain-of-Custody Standard need to go through a different audit. Audits are based largely on a testimonial of the firm's created policies and documentation, and sees to a "depictive set" of centers.

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It is not a thorough examination concerning whether the firm in fact implements or follows its policies throughout its operations. For instance, big business may have procedures in several countries, and rely upon several vendors, yet still may receive RJC accreditation based upon visits to only a couple of facilities under its straight control with no exam of several others.


Although audits are expected to consist of inquiries on a wide series of human rights, auditors are not constantly certified human rights specialists. As soon as the auditors finish their record, they only submit a recap record of the audit to the RJC, not the full audit record, which is shared only with the firm




While labor abuses prevail in the sector, artisanal mines provide revenue for millions of workers and countless mining neighborhoods. Civil rights Watch thinks that the fashion jewelry industry need to aim to ensure that their initiatives to reduce supply chain civils rights risks do not lead them to simply omit all artisanal suppliers from their supply chains as the "course of least resistance." Rather, they must sustain efforts to define and professionalize artisanal mines and boost functioning conditions.


The OECD Fee Diligence Assistance recognizes this and is promoting cost-sharing within the sector. That way, all companies along the supply chain share the financial problem. A number of efforts have actually arised that can aid jewelers map their click resources gold and diamonds to mines of origin, and more sensibly source from the artisanal market.

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Concerning 600 adult miners have been registered at 6 mine websites; youngsters can not register. Qualification of certain mines against accountable sourcing standards can supply jewelry experts with higher guarantee that the gold or diamonds they acquire from those mines are not polluted by civils rights abuses. Nongovernmental organizations such as Solidaridad and IMPACT can play an essential role in sustaining mines to enhance techniques so they are able to adhere to the standard; this might include actions to tackle youngster labor, improve ecological conduct, accessibility financing, and develop straight contact with purchasers.


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Two standardscertify artisanal and small cash cow that comply with civils rights, labor rights, and environmental standardsthe Fairmined Standard and the Fairtrade Gold Standard. Both need third-party audits of individual mines. The Fairmined Requirement was presented by the Alliance for Responsible Mining (ARM) in 2014. Depending on the client's certificate with Fairmined, the gold might be completely traceable to the mine of beginning, or might be mixed with other gold.




This quantity is simply a little fraction of the gold used each year by several of the firms taken a look at in this record. As of early 2018, eight mines in four countries (Bolivia, Colombia, Mongolia, and Peru) were licensed, with an extra 20 mining organizations working towards qualification. The Fairmined Gold Criterion is presently establishing a new "market access" requirement that looks for to help artisanal gold mines at the same time in the direction of full qualification.

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It is administered under the umbrella of Fairtrade International, and permits jewelers to trace their gold back right to the mine of origin. Fairtrade's first licensed mines remained in Peru. Over the last few years, the Fairtrade Foundation, Solidaridad, and various other NGOs performed a program of training and support to artisanal and small-scale gold miners in Africa, and in very early 2017, accredited an artisanal gold mine in Uganda.